The metalized film consists of an extremely thin layer (some hundredths μm) of zinc or aluminum deposited by evaporation under vacuum on the dielectric.
The nature, thickness and geometry of the metalized layer modify the properties of the capacitors, especially as far as permissible peak or effective current is concerned.
Metalized film capacitors are smaller than film-foil capacitors.
Self-healing is a fundamental property of these capacitors. When a dielectric breakdown occurs between the metal layers, due to a dielectric failure, an electrical arc causes local vapor deposition of the metallization which results in an insulating metallic oxide. Thus regenerated, the capacitor is once again operational.
The self-healing operation generally requires only a very small amount of energy (5 to 15 μJoules) and is performed in several μseconds (< 50). However, a minimu amount of energy is required below which self-healing operations are unpredictable. This energy is calculated in relation to the capacitance value and the load voltage: E = 1 / 2 CV2.